Dear Friends,
“The advantage of light that comes from darkness.” This is one of the more common and familiar phrases in Chassidut. The source is the Zohar, speaking of Shlomo Hamelech’s observation in Kohelet:
“And I saw that wisdom has an advantage over folly as light has an advantage over darkness” (Kohelet 2:13). It would seem that this is a clear and simple statement: wisdom is better than folly, the same way that light is better than darkness. But the statement is too clear, and therefore Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai wonders about it in the Zohar: Even someone who has never known wisdom in his life, and has never met with it, will know that wisdom is better than folly, just like light is better than darkness, so how can Shlomo Hamelech praise himself for knowing that – “And I saw”?
In other words, it is such a simple statement, and Shlomo Hamelech, the wisest of all human beings, utters it as if it was an astounding discovery. How could that be? The Zohar, therefore explains these words in a completely different way:
“ ‘And I saw that wisdom has an advantage over folly’ – wisdom benefits from folly, for if there were no folly in the world, we would not know the wisdom… the same way light benefits from darkness, for without the darkness, we would not recognize the light, and we would not see the benefit the world gets from it…” (Zohar, 3, chapter 47, 2).
In other words, the novel idea presented by Shlomo Hamelech is not that light is better than darkness, or that wisdom is better than folly; rather that thanks to darkness we learn and know the advantage of light, and thanks to folly we know and appreciate the advantages of the wisdom. If you spend a seven-hour flight abroad sitting next to a person who is not very wise, you will be better able to appreciate the wisdom of the wise person sitting next to you on the way back.
The teachings of Chassidut deepen this idea even more, and explain that darkness not only sharpens light’s advantage, but that it can actually produce light. If we only know how to use darkness in the right way, for the good, we will be able to turn it into light, turn drawbacks into advantages, make lemonade from a lemon.
This week’s Parasha is called “Vayechi” – “And he lived”, in order to say that what’s described in it is Yaakov’s life, in other words, the years in which he lived well. But how could it be that the best years of Yaakov’s life should be those years in which he was in exile from the Holy Land, in Egypt – “And he lived”?
The answer is one clear, concise phrase: “The advantage of light that comes from darkness.” Yaakov knew how to make good use of the darkness of exile – of Egypt, with all its spiritual folly – and turn that darkness into light and wisdom.
When a Jew manages to remain faithful to his People and G-d even when in a place of difficulty and darkness, he grows spiritually, sees light and therefore also lights up the world to an extent that he wouldn’t have been able to without that difficulty, darkness and folly.
Shabbat Shalom,
Rabbi Zalmen Wishedski